wget Cheatsheet - Download, Resume & Mirror Commands

In scripts, what determines whether a download works is not the transfer itself but what happens after it fails, and wget handles that far better than a browser does. The centrepiece is -c: re-running the same command after an interruption sends a Range header and resumes from the last received byte, which is the difference between success and failure on multi-gigabyte artifacts and mirror syncs. Pair it with --tries and --wait to bound retries, --timeout to avoid hanging on a dead connection, and --retry-on-http-error so recoverable 503s and 429s re-enter the retry loop. The recursive group covers -r depth, -np to stay off parent directories, -A and -R filtering, and -e robots=off. The curl boundary is worth drawing: curl wins for a one-shot fetch whose output should flow into a pipeline, while wget is right when you need resume, recursion, mirroring, or a finished file on disk. Whichever you pick, in unattended jobs the first thing to run out is local disk space, not bandwidth.

SysOps·38 commands·Last updated 2026-07-21

Basic Download 7

wget URL

Download a file to the current directory

wget -O filename URL

Download and save as a given name

wget -P /path/to/dir URL

Download to a given directory

wget -b URL

Download in the background

wget -q URL

Quiet download (no progress)

wget -v URL

Verbose output

wget -nc URL

Skip existing files (no-clobber)

Resume 3

wget -c URL

Resume a partial download

wget -c -O filename URL

Resume and save as a given name

wget --continue URL

Resume (same as -c)

Recursive 8

wget -r URL

Recursive download (default depth 5)

wget -r -l 2 URL

Recursive, depth 2

wget -r -np URL

Recursive, no parent directories

wget -r -nd URL

Recursive, no directory structure

wget -r -N URL

Recursive, newer files only

wget -m URL

Mirror a site (equiv. -r -N -l inf --no-remove-listing)

wget --mirror URL

Mirror a site (same as -m)

wget -r -H -D example.com URL

Cross-host but limit to a domain (-H host, -D domain)

Filter 6

wget -A "*.pdf,*.doc" URL

Download only given types

wget -R "*.tmp,*.log" URL

Reject given types

wget --accept-regex ".*\.pdf$" URL

Accept by regex

wget --reject-regex ".*\.tmp$" URL

Reject by regex

wget -I /dir1,/dir2 URL

Download only given directories

wget -X /dir1,/dir2 URL

Exclude given directories

Auth & Proxy 6

wget --user=username --password=pass URL

HTTP authentication

wget --ftp-user=user --ftp-password=pass URL

FTP authentication

wget -e use_proxy=yes -e http_proxy=URL

Use an HTTP proxy

wget -e use_proxy=yes -e https_proxy=URL

Use an HTTPS proxy

wget --no-check-certificate URL

Skip SSL certificate verification

wget --user-agent="Mozilla/5.0" URL

Custom User-Agent (bypass UA checks)

Common Patterns 8

wget -i urls.txt

Download from a list of URLs

wget -r -l 1 -A "*.jpg,*.png" URL

Download all images on a page

wget -r -l 1 --convert-links URL

Download and rewrite links to local

wget -r -l 1 -k -E -p URL

Download a full page (images, CSS, JS)

wget --limit-rate=100k URL

Limit download speed

wget --timeout=30 --tries=3 URL

Set timeout and retry count

wget --spider URL

Check only, don't download (link test)

wget -w 2 --random-wait -r URL

Polite crawl: 2s wait plus random jitter

Command Examples

Resume a large download

wget -c https://example.com/large.iso

-c 让 wget 带着 Range 头请求续传，配合 --timeout=30 --tries=3 更稳。文件名必须是原来那个，否则 -c 找不到已有文件会从头开始。

Output

Resuming last request: Length: 1048576000 [1048576000/1048576000]
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 206 Partial Content
Length: 1048576000 [1039460352/1048576000]  30.0MB/s  eta 00:00:03
1048576000  100%[====] 103.95MB  29.87MB/s

Mirror a page including images and CSS

wget -r -l 1 -k -E -p https://example.com/docs/

-k 把页面里的链接改成本地路径，-E 保存为 .html，-p 下载图片等附属资源，-l 1 限制只抓一层防止无限递归。

Output

--2026-09-30 15:20:11--  https://example.com/docs/
Resolving example.com (example.com)... 93.184.216.34
Connecting to example.com|93.184.216.34|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 12480 [text/html]
Saving to: ‘example.com/docs/index.html’

2026-09-30 15:20:12 (18.0 MB/s) - 12480 [text/html] saved

Download by file type with a rate limit

wget -r -l 2 -A "*.pdf,*.zip" --limit-rate=500k -P ~/downloads https://example.com/files/

-A 白名单只收指定类型，--limit-rate 单位是 KB/s，500k 即约 500KB/s。别忘了 -np，避免顺着上级链接爬出站点范围。

Common Pitfalls

wget -r without a depth limit or -np can walk off the site and try to download a large part of the internet.
--no-check-certificate disables verification, allowing man-in-the-middle replacement of downloaded content; debug-only.
-c resume requires the same filename as the original attempt — renaming restarts the download, and it silently does nothing if the server ignores Range.
Probe recursive downloads with -l 1 first and confirm the directory structure before widening the scope.
Check robots.txt and the site terms before recursive downloading; bulk crawling may violate them.

Tips

wget supports HTTP, HTTPS and FTP, with resume and recursive download.
Mind the depth (-l) on recursive downloads to avoid pulling too many files.
Use -m to mirror a site; it auto-handles link conversion and timestamps.

Official References

Each command links to its official documentation below, so you can verify the latest usage and read deeper.

Linux man-pages

Maintained by LaoHand

Publicly updated on Jul 21, 2026, continuously proofread against official docs.

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