HTML Character Entities Cheatsheet - HTML Special Characters Reference
Unescaped &, <, > in dynamic HTML is how pages break and how XSS sneaks in. This table lists the entities you actually meet — reserved chars, symbols, arrows, math and Greek letters — each as both a named entity and the &#xNN; numeric form. Use it to escape output, fix mojibake, and know why & alone becomes &. After reading you escape input confidently and render any symbol without hunting byte codes.
Basic Characters 6
& 或 && 和号 ampersand
< 或 << 小于号 less than
> 或 >> 大于号 greater than
" 或 "" 双引号 quotation mark
' 或 '' 单引号 apostrophe
或  不间断空格 non-breaking space
Common Symbols 7
© 或 ©© 版权符号 copyright
® 或 ®® 注册商标 registered
™ 或 ™™ 商标 trademark
° 或 °° 度数 degree
± 或 ±± 正负号 plus-minus
× 或 ×× 乘号 multiplication
÷ 或 ÷÷ 除号 division
Currency Symbols 5
¢ 或 ¢¢ 分 cent
£ 或 ££ 英镑 pound
¥ 或 ¥¥ 日元/人民币 yen
€ 或 €€ 欧元 euro
₹₹ 印度卢比 rupee
Arrow Symbols 5
← 或 ←← 左箭头 left arrow
↑ 或 ↑↑ 上箭头 up arrow
→ 或 →→ 右箭头 right arrow
↓ 或 ↓↓ 下箭头 down arrow
↔ 或 ↔↔ 左右箭头 left-right arrow
Math Symbols 8
∀ 或 ∀∀ full name量词 for all
∃ 或 ∃∃ exists量词 exists
∞ 或 ∞∞ 无穷 infinity
∑ 或 ∑∑ sum summation
√ 或 √√ 平方根 square root
≠ 或 ≠≠ 不于 not equal
≤ 或 ≤≤ 小于于 less or equal
≥ 或 ≥≥ 大于于 greater or equal
Greek Letters 7
α 或 αα Alpha
β 或 ββ Beta
γ 或 γγ Gamma
δ 或 δδ Delta
π 或 ππ Pi
σ 或 σσ Sigma
ω 或 ωω Omega
Tips
- In HTML, < > & must use entities, or they're parsed as tags or entity starts.
- Numeric entities (&#num;) have broader compatibility; named entities (&name;) read better.
- To prevent XSS, escape user input into entities before displaying.
- Modern frameworks (React, Vue) escape by default, but dangerouslySetInnerHTML and v-html need manual handling.
Official References
Each command links to its official documentation below, so you can verify the latest usage and read deeper.
Maintained by LaoHand
Publicly updated on Jul 21, 2026, continuously proofread against official docs.
Contact Us
Wrong command or description? Send us corrections, business inquiries or product feedback by email.
Contact Us